Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:27:27 UTC
Update Date2020-06-04 20:40:35 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000253
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00253
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePregnenolone
DescriptionPregnenolone belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure based on a hydroxylated prostane moiety. Pregnenolone is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa).
Structure
Thumb
SynonymsNot Available
Chemical FormulaC21H32O2
Average Molecular Weight316.4776
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight316.240230268
IUPAC Name1-[(1S,2R,5R,10S,11S,14S,15S)-5-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadec-7-en-14-yl]ethan-1-one
Traditional Namepregnenolone
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC=C4C[C@]([H])(O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])CC[C@]12C)C(C)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H32O2/c1-13(22)17-6-7-18-16-5-4-14-12-15(23)8-10-20(14,2)19(16)9-11-21(17,18)3/h4,15-19,23H,5-12H2,1-3H3/t15-,16+,17-,18+,19+,20+,21-/m1/s1
InChI KeyORNBQBCIOKFOEO-QYYVTAPASA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure based on a hydroxylated prostane moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassPregnane steroids
Direct ParentGluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Progestogin-skeleton
  • 20-oxosteroid
  • 3-hydroxy-delta-5-steroid
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid
  • Oxosteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • Delta-5-steroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Ketone
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
StatusDetected and Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
  • Exogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Myelin sheath
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP4.06ALOGPS
logP3.58ChemAxon
logS-4.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)18.2ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity93.76 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability37.88 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00kb-0292000000-b3b4cfe688e02f59e5d3View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0a59-3910000000-99565a6755a481589ecbView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-0536-9800000000-92b51da359905f0f85c5View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00kb-0095000000-95cc4f9c6ec45bf313ebView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-00kb-0391000000-02f4b7354dc726dcdf6cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0kbu-2490000000-0c314b18c977fbb00283View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-0029000000-0f4f3e0717e63843600bView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014i-0079000000-6230ba3db61311fd6b87View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0592-1090000000-ef932dad775d120089d6View in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CD3OD, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Myelin sheath
Biospecimen Locations
  • Adrenal Cortex
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Blood
  • Brain
  • Kidney
  • Neuron
  • Ovary
  • Placenta
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
Adrenal CortexExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Adrenal GlandExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.000345 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.00768 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BrainExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
KidneyExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
NeuronExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
OvaryExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
PlacentaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
TestisExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified0.00727 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Treated with estradiol benzoate and progesterone
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.00907 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Treated with estradiol benzoate
details
HMDB IDNot Available
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPregnenolone
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound146469
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceShingate, Bapurao B.; Hazra, Braja G.; Pore, Vandana S.; Gonnade, Rajesh G.; Bhadbhade, Mohan M. Stereoselective syntheses of 20-epi cholanic acid derivatives from 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate. Tetrahedron (2007), 63(25), 5622-5635.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Specific function:
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the side-chain hydroxylation and cleavage of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the precursor of most steroid hormones (PubMed:11412116). Catalyzes three sequential oxidation reactions of cholesterol, namely the hydroxylation at C22 followed with the hydroxylation at C20 to yield 20R,22R-hydroxycholesterol that is further cleaved between C20 and C22 to yield the C21-steroid pregnenolone and 4-methylpentanal (PubMed:11412116). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron-sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin) (PubMed:11412116).
Gene Name:
CYP11A1
Uniprot ID:
P00189
Molecular weight:
60333.0