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Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:19:46 UTC
Update Date2020-05-21 16:26:52 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000119
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00119
Metabolite Identification
Common NameGlyoxylic acid
DescriptionGlyoxylic acid, also known as glyoxylic acid or glyoxylic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acids. Carboxylic acids are compounds containing a carboxylic acid group with the formula -C(=O)OH. Glyoxylic acid exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa) molecule. Glyoxylic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. L-Alanine and glyoxylic acid can be converted into glycine and pyruvic acid; which is catalyzed by the enzyme serine--pyruvate aminotransferase. In cattle, glyoxylic acid is involved in the metabolic pathway called the alanine metabolism pathway. Glyoxylic acid is a potentially toxic compound.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
alpha-Ketoacetic acidChEBI
Formylformic acidChEBI
GlyoxalateChEBI
GlyoxalsaeureChEBI
GlyoxylateChEBI
GlyoxylsaeureChEBI
Oxalaldehydic acidChEBI
Oxoethanoic acidChEBI
a-KetoacetateGenerator
a-Ketoacetic acidGenerator
alpha-KetoacetateGenerator
Α-ketoacetateGenerator
Α-ketoacetic acidGenerator
FormylformateGenerator
Glyoxalic acidGenerator
OxalaldehydateGenerator
OxoethanoateGenerator
OxoacetateHMDB
Oxoacetic acidHMDB
Glyoxylic acid, 2-(14)C-labeledHMDB
Glyoxylic acid, sodium saltHMDB
Glyoxylic acid, sodium salt, 2-(14)C-labeledHMDB
Glyoxylic acid, 14c2-labeledHMDB
Glyoxylic acid, calcium saltHMDB
Glyoxylic acid, sodium salt, 14C-labeledHMDB
Chemical FormulaC2H2O3
Average Molecular Weight74.0355
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight74.00039393
IUPAC NameNot Available
Traditional NameNot Available
CAS Registry Number298-12-4
SMILESNot Available
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C2H2O3/c3-1-2(4)5/h1H,(H,4,5)
InChI KeyHHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acids. Carboxylic acids are compounds containing a carboxylic acid group with the formula -C(=O)OH.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassCarboxylic acids
Direct ParentCarboxylic acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Short-chain aldehyde
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aldehyde
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Peroxisome
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point-93 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Peroxisome
Biospecimen Locations
  • All Tissues
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
All TissuesExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000119
DrugBank IDDB04343
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB007244
KNApSAcK IDC00001186
Chemspider ID740
KEGG Compound IDC00048
BioCyc IDGLYOX
BiGG ID33659
Wikipedia LinkGlyoxylic_acid
METLIN ID3213
PubChem Compound760
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16891
References
Synthesis ReferenceJie, Yuanping; Song, Zhen. Method for preparing glyoxylic acid. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2007), 5pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in copper ion binding
Specific function:
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the post-translational modification of inactive peptidylglycine precursors to the corresponding bioactive alpha-amidated peptides, a terminal modification in biosynthesis of many neural and endocrine peptides (PubMed:2059626). Alpha-amidation involves two sequential reactions, both of which are catalyzed by separate catalytic domains of the enzyme. The first step, catalyzed by peptidyl alpha-hydroxylating monoxygenase (PHM) domain, is the copper-, ascorbate-, and O2- dependent stereospecific hydroxylation (with S stereochemistry) at the alpha-carbon (C-alpha) of the C-terminal glycine of the peptidylglycine substrate (PubMed:2059626). The second step, catalyzed by the peptidylglycine amidoglycolate lyase (PAL) domain, is the zinc-dependent cleavage of the N-C-alpha bond, producing the alpha-amidated peptide and glyoxylate (PubMed:2059626). Similarly, catalyzes the two-step conversion of an N-fatty acylglycine to a primary fatty acid amide and glyoxylate (By similarity).
Gene Name:
PAM
Uniprot ID:
P10731
Molecular weight:
108177.0
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Can metabolize asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) via transamination to alpha-keto-delta-(NN-dimethylguanidino) valeric acid (DMGV). ADMA is a potent inhibitor of nitric-oxide (NO) synthase, and this activity provides mechanism through which the kidney regulates blood pressure (By similarity).
Gene Name:
AGXT2
Uniprot ID:
Q17QF0
Molecular weight:
57226.0
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AGXT
Uniprot ID:
A7MBF1
Molecular weight:
45292.0
Reactions
L-Alanine + Glyoxylic acid → Glycine + Pyruvic aciddetails
Glycine + Pyruvic acid → L-Alanine + Glyoxylic aciddetails