Showing metabocard for D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid (BMDB0000606)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical propertiesPathwaysSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (2) Show 2 proteinsXML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:33:28 UTC
Update Date2020-05-11 20:37:16 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000606
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00606
Metabolite Identification
Common NameD-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid
DescriptionD-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid, also known as (R)-hydroxyglutarate or (R)-2-hydroxy-pentanedioate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are hydroxy acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms. D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa) molecule. D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a potentially toxic compound. D-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as spondyloenchondrodysplasia and d, l-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria; also d-2-hydroxyglutaric acid has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including d-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDF3D-SDFPDBSMILESInChI View 3D Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(R)-2-HydroxyglutarateChEBI
(R)-HydroxyglutarateChEBI
(R)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acidGenerator
(R)-Hydroxyglutaric acidGenerator
D-2-HydroxyglutarateGenerator
(R)-2-Hydroxy-pentanedioateHMDB
(R)-2-Hydroxy-pentanedioic acidHMDB
(R)-a-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
(R)-a-Hydroxyglutaric acidHMDB
(R)-alpha-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
(R)-alpha-Hydroxyglutaric acidHMDB
2-Hydroxy-D-glutarateHMDB
2-Hydroxy-D-glutaric acidHMDB
2-Hydroxy-delta-glutarateHMDB
2-Hydroxy-delta-glutaric acidHMDB
D-a-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
D-a-Hydroxyglutaric acidHMDB
delta-2-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
delta-2-Hydroxyglutaric acidHMDB
delta-alpha-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
delta-alpha-Hydroxyglutaric acidHMDB
2-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
alpha-Hydroxyglutarate, (D)-isomerHMDB
alpha-Hydroxyglutarate, (DL)-isomerHMDB
2-Hydroxyglutaric acidHMDB
alpha-HydroxyglutarateHMDB
alpha-Hydroxyglutarate, (L)-isomerHMDB
alpha-Hydroxyglutarate, disodium saltHMDB
Chemical FormulaC5H8O5
Average Molecular Weight148.114
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight148.037173366
IUPAC Name(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid
Traditional NameD-2-hydroxyglutaric acid
CAS Registry Number13095-47-1
SMILES
O[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H8O5/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3,6H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m1/s1
InChI KeyHWXBTNAVRSUOJR-GSVOUGTGSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are hydroxy acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassHydroxy acids and derivatives
Sub ClassShort-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
Direct ParentShort-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Short-chain hydroxy acid
  • Fatty acid
  • Monosaccharide
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
  • Exogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point> 300 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-1ALOGPS
logP-0.82ChemAxon
logS0.03ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.28ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.8ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area94.83 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity29.63 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability12.97 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • Brain
  • Milk
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BrainExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
 details
MilkDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal details
PlacentaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000606
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022139
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID388508
KEGG Compound IDC01087
BioCyc IDR-2-HYDROXYGLUTARATE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAlpha-Hydroxyglutaric acid
METLIN ID5581
PubChem Compound439391
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID32796
References
Synthesis ReferenceKobayashi, Hidehiko; Yamaguchi, Koretaka; Yamashita, Takeshi. a-Hydroxyglutaric acid from glutamic acid. Jpn. Tokkyo Koho (1968), 3 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. [PubMed:23438684 ]

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
Catalyzes the cofactor-independent reversible oxidation of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) to succinic semialdehyde (SSA) coupled to reduction of 2-ketoglutarate (2-KG) to D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG). L-3-hydroxybutyrate (L-3-OHB) is also a substrate for HOT when using 2-KG as hydrogen acceptor, resulting in the formation of D-2-HG (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ADHFE1
Uniprot ID:
A6QP15
Molecular weight:
50343.0
Enzyme Details
2. D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
Catalyzes the oxidation of D-2-hydroxyglutarate to alpha-ketoglutarate.
Gene Name:
D2HGDH
Uniprot ID:
Q1JPD3
Molecular weight:
59056.0