Phenotypes
Dwarfism, primordial disproportionate with craniofacial dysmorphism, PDGFRA-related
Jacinto et al. (2025) investigated a Holstein calf with primordial disproportionate dwarfism and craniofacial dysmorphism using a whole genome sequencing approach: "A heterozygous pathogenic missense variant in exon 12 of PDGFRA [Chr6:g.69749162 T > C; c.1685 T > C; p.Ile562Thr; omia.variant:1841], which replaces residue 562, was found and might be due to a spontaneous de novo mutation. However, due to the lack of parental DNA, we could ...
Glycogen storage disease II
By cloning and sequencing a very likely comparative candidate gene (based on the homologous human disorder), Dennis et al. (2000) identified two causal mutations in Brahman cattle, namely a frameshifting 2-bp deletion (c.1057delTA; the "E7" mutation) and a nonsense mutation (c.1783C>T; p.Arg595Ter; the "E13" mutation) in the bovine GAA gene; and a 2-bp frameshifting deletion (c.2454delCA; the "E18" mutation) in Shorthorns.
Immunodeficiency, IL17RA-related
Häfliger et al. (2020): "Variant calling and filtering against the 1000 Bull Genomes variant catalogue resulted in the detection of a single homozygous protein-changing variant exclusively present in both sequenced genomes. This single-nucleotide deletion in exon 3 of IL17RA on bovine chromosome 5 was predicted to have a deleterious impact on the encoded protein due to a frameshift leading to a truncated gene product."
Slick hair
This single-locus autosomal dominant trait confers increased thermotolerance within the breeds in which it originated (Senepol and Carora; Olsen et al., 2003) and also within Hosteins, into which it was introgressed (Dikmen et al., 2008; 2014). In the USA, FDA determined in March 2022 that beef cattle with a genome edit to the PRLR gene and their offspring do not raise any safety concerns. "Based on the safety of consumption of meat from conve...
Sperm, short tail — Also known as stump sperm defect; one form of multiple morphological abnormalities of t...
FN thanks Hubert Pausch for advice on updating this entry.
Syndrome des veaux tourneurs (Turning calves syndrome)
Duchesne et al. (2017) identified SNPs in the mapped candidate region by comparison of whole-genome sequence of two homozygous affecteds, one heterozygote and one homozygote normal. Filtering of those SNPs by consistency with presumed genotype based on pedigree, with occurrence only within this breed, and by severity of presumed function enabled Duchesne et al. (2017) to identifiy a "C/T SLC25A46 substitution [c.376C>T that] leads to replac...