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Showing metabocard for 2-Ketobutyric acid (BMDB0000005)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical propertiesPathwaysSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (6) Show 6 proteinsXML
Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:07:17 UTC
Update Date2020-05-21 16:29:03 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000005
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00005
Metabolite Identification
Common Name2-Ketobutyric acid
Description2-Ketobutyric acid, also known as 2-ketobutyric acid or a-oxo-N-butyrate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms. 2-Ketobutyric acid exists as a solid, very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral molecule. 2-Ketobutyric acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. 2-Ketobutyric acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions, within cattle. In particular, 2-Ketobutyric acid can be biosynthesized from L-threonine; which is mediated by the enzyme L-serine dehydratase/l-threonine deaminase. In addition, 2-Ketobutyric acid and coenzyme A can be converted into propionyl-CoA through its interaction with the enzyme branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex. In cattle, 2-ketobutyric acid is involved in the metabolic pathway called the threonine and 2-ketobutyric acid degradation pathway.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
2-Ketobutanoic acidChEBI
2-Oxobutyric acidChEBI
3-Methyl pyruvic acidChEBI
alpha-KetobutyrateChEBI
alpha-Ketobutyric acidChEBI
alpha-oxo-N-Butyric acidChEBI
2-OxobutyrateKegg
2-Oxobutanoic acidKegg
2-KetobutanoateGenerator
3-Methyl pyruvateGenerator
a-KetobutyrateGenerator
a-Ketobutyric acidGenerator
Α-ketobutyrateGenerator
Α-ketobutyric acidGenerator
a-oxo-N-ButyrateGenerator
a-oxo-N-Butyric acidGenerator
alpha-oxo-N-ButyrateGenerator
Α-oxo-N-butyrateGenerator
Α-oxo-N-butyric acidGenerator
2-OxobutanoateGenerator
2-KetobutyrateGenerator
2-oxo-ButanoateHMDB
2-oxo-Butanoic acidHMDB
2-oxo-ButyrateHMDB
2-oxo-Butyric acidHMDB
2-oxo-N-ButyrateHMDB
2-oxo-N-Butyric acidHMDB
3-MethylpyruvateHMDB
3-Methylpyruvic acidHMDB
a-Keto-N-butyrateHMDB
a-Keto-N-butyric acidHMDB
a-OxobutyrateHMDB
a-Oxobutyric acidHMDB
alpha-Keto-N-butyrateHMDB
alpha-Keto-N-butyric acidHMDB
alpha-Ketobutric acidHMDB
alpha-OxobutyrateHMDB
alpha-Oxobutyric acidHMDB
Methyl-pyruvateHMDB
Methyl-pyruvic acidHMDB
Propionyl-formateHMDB
Propionyl-formic acidHMDB
alpha-Ketobutyric acid, sodium saltHMDB
2-Ketobutyric acidChEBI
Chemical FormulaC4H6O3
Average Molecular Weight102.0886
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight102.031694058
IUPAC NameNot Available
Traditional NameNot Available
CAS Registry Number600-18-0
SMILESNot Available
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H6O3/c1-2-3(5)4(6)7/h2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)
InChI KeyTYEYBOSBBBHJIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassKeto acids and derivatives
Sub ClassShort-chain keto acids and derivatives
Direct ParentShort-chain keto acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Short-chain keto acid
  • Alpha-keto acid
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Ketone
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point33 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility119 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
Biospecimen Locations
  • Liver
  • Mammary Gland
  • Semen
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
SemenDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal		 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000005
DrugBank IDDB04553
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB030356
KNApSAcK IDC00019675
Chemspider ID57
KEGG Compound IDC00109
BioCyc ID2-OXOBUTANOATE
BiGG ID33889
Wikipedia LinkAlpha-Ketobutyric_acid
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound58
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID30831
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
SDS
Uniprot ID:
Q0VCW4
Molecular weight:
34441.0
Reactions
L-Threonine → 2-Ketobutyric acid + Ammoniadetails
Enzyme Details
2. 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial
General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).
Gene Name:
BCKDHA
Uniprot ID:
P11178
Molecular weight:
51678.0
Reactions
2-Ketobutyric acid + Coenzyme A + NAD → Propionyl-CoA + NADHdetails
Enzyme Details
3. 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta, mitochondrial
General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).
Gene Name:
BCKDHB
Uniprot ID:
P21839
Molecular weight:
42935.0
Reactions
2-Ketobutyric acid + Coenzyme A + NAD → Propionyl-CoA + NADHdetails
Enzyme Details
4. Lipoamide acyltransferase component of branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial
General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Within this complex, the catalytic function of this enzyme is to accept, and to transfer to coenzyme A, acyl groups that are generated by the branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase component.
Gene Name:
DBT
Uniprot ID:
P11181
Molecular weight:
53410.0
Reactions
2-Ketobutyric acid + Coenzyme A + NAD → Propionyl-CoA + NADHdetails
Enzyme Details
5. Cystathionine gamma-lyase
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Catalyzes the last step in the trans-sulfuration pathway from methionine to cysteine. Has broad substrate specificity. Converts cystathionine to cysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate. Converts two cysteine molecules to lanthionine and hydrogen sulfide. Can also accept homocysteine as substrate. Specificity depends on the levels of the endogenous substrates. Generates the endogenous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and so contributes to the regulation of blood pressure. Acts as a cysteine-protein sulfhydrase by mediating sulfhydration of target proteins: sulfhydration consists of converting -SH groups into -SSH on specific cysteine residues of target proteins such as GAPDH, PTPN1 and NF-kappa-B subunit RELA, thereby regulating their function (By similarity).
Gene Name:
CTH
Uniprot ID:
Q58DW2
Molecular weight:
44406.0
Reactions
Selenocystathionine + Water → Selenocysteine + Ammonia + 2-Ketobutyric aciddetails
L-Cystathionine + Water → L-Cysteine + 2-Ketobutyric acid + Ammoniadetails
L-Cystathionine + Water → L-Cysteine + 2-Ketobutyric aciddetails
Enzyme Details
6. Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
DLD
Uniprot ID:
F1N206
Molecular weight:
54187.0
Reactions
2-Ketobutyric acid + Coenzyme A + NAD → Propionyl-CoA + NADHdetails