Phenotypes

Charlier et al. (2016): missense p.Tyr195Cys

Charlier et al. (2016): nonsense (stop-gain) p.Arg527∗

By whole-genome sequencing of a trio of affected offspring, sire and dam, Jacinto et al. (2022) "identified two heterozygous private protein-changing variants present exclusively in the genome of the affected calf and absent in both parental genomes as well as in 5365 controls . . . . Only one of these variants was in a putative candidate gene for the observed phenotype. This heterozygous variant at chr10:84751870G>A (NM_001101951.1: c.416C...

In the words of Charlier et al. (2008): "a missense mutation in exon 39 (A5804G) resulting in an H1935R substitution in the fourth extracellular loop". The His (normal) form of the peptide is conserved in all vertebrates sequenced to date. (FN 080330) Whole-genome sequencing of the affected Shorthorn calf described by O'Rourke et al. (2017), and subsequent checking for deleterious variants in functional candidate genes, enabled Woolley et al. ...

By sequencing a strong positional candidate gene, namely TWIST1, Capitan et al. (2011) identified a small duplication (c.148_157dup (p.A56RfsX87)) that inactivates the gene. This frameshift mutation segregates perfectly with type 2 scurs.