Phenotypes

In a remarkable indication of the power of whole-genome sequence analysis, Daetwyler et al. (2014) identified a causal mutation for this disorder in Holstein Friesian cattle as a missense mutation (g.32475732G>A [UMD3.1 reference sequence]; p.Gly960Arg, omia.variant:223) in the COL2A1 gene (which encodes the alpha-1 chain of type II collagen), by comparing the sequence of only two affected calves with sequence from bulls in the 1000-bull-ge...

Null et al. (2017): "A splice acceptor variant at 51,267,548 bp in the RNA Polymerase 2 Associated Protein (RPAP2) gene was the most likely causal variant in the [AH2] haplotype. RPAP2 is an essential component of the RNA polymerase 2 holoenzyme necessary for transcription of snRNA species. Experiments with mouse knockouts also found a deficiency of homozygotes, suggesting that RPAP2 is necessary for embryonic development."

Abbitt et al. (1991) reported that bovine beta-mannosidosis, a lysosomal storage disease, is caused by a deficiency of beta-mannosidase. Affected neonatal calves are unable to rise with intention tremors, hidebound skin, slightly domed calvaria, slight prognathism, and narrow palpebral fissures. Their postmortem findings included variable dilatation of the lateral cerebral ventricles, marked pallor and paucity of white matter of the cerebrum a...

Comparison of sequence of the 713kb candidate region (mentioned in the mapping section above) in an obligate carrier, one of its offspring, 43 members of the Fleckvieh breed (in which the disorder has never been reported) and 191 non-Fleckviehs from the 1000-bulls project revealed 2 candidate causal SNVs: a coding variant and an intronic variant of the gene UBE3B, which encodes ubiquitin protein ligase E3B, and mutations in which cause a simil...

Takasuga et al. (2015): "To search for candidate causative variations for skeletal dysplasia and/or CW-3, three sires segregating the CW-3 QTL ... , three non-Q homozygous sires ... , and a Q-homozygous steer ... were subjected to targeted resequencing ... . The 3.3-Mb CW-3 region contained 910 candidate QTNs (858 SNPs and 52 indels), including four non-synonymous and five synonymous SNPs. ... . Non-synonymous SNPs were located in FGD3 ... and...