Showing metabocard for D-Fructose (BMDB0000660)

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Polyol dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of various sugar alcohols. Is mostly active with xylitol, D-sorbitol (D-glucitol) and L-iditol as substrates, leading to the C2-oxidized products D-xylulose, D-fructose and L-sorbose, respectively (PubMed:9143345). Is a key enzyme in the polyol pathway that interconverts glucose and fructose via sorbitol, which constitutes an important alternate route for glucose metabolism. May play a role in sperm motility by using sorbitol as an alternative energy source for sperm motility (By similarity). Cannot use NADP(+) as the electron acceptor. Has no activity on ethanol, methanol, glycerol, galactitol and fructose 6-phosphate (PubMed:9143345).

Gene Name:

SORD

Uniprot ID:

Q58D31

Molecular weight:

38099.0

Reactions

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Essential for the degradation of glycogen in lysosomes (PubMed:10723725). Has highest activity on alpha-1,4-linked glycosidic linkages, but can also hydrolyze alpha-1,6-linked glucans.

Gene Name:

GAA

Uniprot ID:

Q9MYM4

Molecular weight:

104757.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in ATP binding

Specific function:

Catalyzes the phosphorylation of various hexoses, such as D-glucose, D-glucosamine, D-fructose, D-mannose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate, D-glucosamine 6-phosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate, D-mannose 6-phosphate and 2-deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate, respectively). Does not phosphorylate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (By similarity). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (By similarity). Involved in innate immunity and inflammation by acting as a pattern recognition receptor for bacterial peptidoglycan. When released in the cytosol, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine component of bacterial peptidoglycan inhibits the hexokinase activity of HK1 and causes its dissociation from mitochondrial outer membrane, thereby activating the NLRP3 inflammasome (By similarity).

Gene Name:

HK1

Uniprot ID:

P27595

Molecular weight:

103064.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in sodium ion binding

Specific function:

Involved in the sodium-dependent cotransport of myo-inositol (MI) with a Na(+):MI stoichiometry of 2:1. Exclusively responsible for apical MI transport and absorption in intestine. Also can transport D-chiro-inositol (DCI) but not L-fructose. Exhibits stereospecific cotransport of both D-glucose and D-xylose. May induce apoptosis through the TNF-alpha, PDCD1 pathway. May play a role in the regulation of MI concentration in serum, involving reabsorption in at least the proximal tubule of the kidney.

Gene Name:

SLC5A11

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZC26

Molecular weight:

73957.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Insulin-regulated facilitative hexose transporter that mediates the transport of glucose and fructose. Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate.

Gene Name:

SLC2A8

Uniprot ID:

P58354

Molecular weight:

51417.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Functions as a fructose transporter that has only low activity with other monosaccharides. Can mediate the uptake of deoxyglucose, but with low efficiency. Essential for fructose uptake in the small intestine. Plays a role in the regulation of salt uptake and blood pressure in response to dietary fructose. Required for the development of high blood pressure in response to high dietary fructose intake.

Gene Name:

SLC2A5

Uniprot ID:

P58353

Molecular weight:

55393.0

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Exhibits phosphohistidine phosphatase activity.

Gene Name:

PHPT1

Uniprot ID:

Q32PA4

Molecular weight:

13931.0

Reactions

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

KHK

Uniprot ID:

Q0II75

Molecular weight:

37868.0

Reactions