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Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:20:27 UTC
Update Date2020-06-04 20:48:06 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000168
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00168
Metabolite Identification
Common NameL-Asparagine
DescriptionL-Asparagine, also known as Asn or aspartamic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as asparagine and derivatives. Asparagine and derivatives are compounds containing asparagine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of asparagine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. L-Asparagine is a drug which is used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance. L-Asparagine exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa) molecule. L-Asparagine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. L-Asparagine is a potentially toxic compound. L-Asparagine has been found to be associated with several diseases known as pregnancy, cystic fibrosis, gout, and leukemia; also l-asparagine has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including celiac disease.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(2S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acidChEBI
(2S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acidChEBI
(S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acidChEBI
(S)-AsparagineChEBI
2-Aminosuccinamic acidChEBI
alpha-Aminosuccinamic acidChEBI
AsnChEBI
ASPARAGINEChEBI
Aspartamic acidChEBI
L-2-Aminosuccinamic acidChEBI
L-AsparaginChEBI
L-Aspartic acid beta-amideChEBI
NChEBI
(2S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoateGenerator
(2S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoateGenerator
(S)-2-Amino-3-carbamoylpropanoateGenerator
2-AminosuccinamateGenerator
a-AminosuccinamateGenerator
a-Aminosuccinamic acidGenerator
alpha-AminosuccinamateGenerator
Α-aminosuccinamateGenerator
Α-aminosuccinamic acidGenerator
AspartamateGenerator
L-2-AminosuccinamateGenerator
L-Aspartate b-amideGenerator
L-Aspartate beta-amideGenerator
L-Aspartate β-amideGenerator
L-Aspartic acid b-amideGenerator
L-Aspartic acid β-amideGenerator
(-)-AsparagineHMDB
(S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoateHMDB
(S)-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acidHMDB
AgedoiteHMDB
alpha AmminosuccinamateHMDB
alpha Amminosuccinamic acidHMDB
AltheineHMDB
Asparagine acidHMDB
AsparamideHMDB
Aspartic acid amideHMDB
Aspartic acid b-amideHMDB
Aspartic acid beta amideHMDB
b2,4-(S)-Diamino-4-oxo-utanoateHMDB
b2,4-(S)-Diamino-4-oxo-utanoic acidHMDB
Crystal VIHMDB
L-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoateHMDB
L-2,4-Diamino-4-oxobutanoic acidHMDB
L-AspartamineHMDB
L-b-AsparagineHMDB
L-beta-AsparagineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC4H8N2O3
Average Molecular Weight132.1179
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight132.053492132
IUPAC NameNot Available
Traditional NameNot Available
CAS Registry Number70-47-3
SMILESNot Available
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1
InChI KeyDCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as asparagine and derivatives. Asparagine and derivatives are compounds containing asparagine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of asparagine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentAsparagine and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Asparagine or derivatives
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Fatty amide
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Carboxamide group
  • Amino acid
  • Primary carboxylic acid amide
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Amine
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusDetected and Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point234 - 235 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility29.4 mg/mLNot Available
LogP-3.82CHMELIK,J ET AL. (1991)
Predicted PropertiesNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
Biospecimen Locations
  • All Tissues
  • Blood
  • Colostrum
  • Liver
  • Longissimus Thoracis Muscle
  • Mammary Gland
  • Milk
  • Muscle
  • Placenta
  • Prostate Tissue
  • Ruminal Fluid
  • Semimembranosus Muscle
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
All TissuesExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified27.4 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified22-27 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified25.6 uMNot SpecifiedBothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified20-33 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified34-40 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified25 +/- 4 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Aidin Foroutan, C...
details
ColostrumDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected and Quantified169 +/- 37 nmol/g of tissueNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Aidin Foroutan, C...
details
Longissimus Thoracis MuscleDetected and Quantified40 +/- 12 nmol/g of tissueNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Aidin Foroutan, C...
details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified6.6 +/- 0.3 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified6 +/- 1 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified6.5 +/- 0.2 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified7 +/- 1 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified6.5 +/- 0.3 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified8 +/- 1 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified5.3 +/- 0.2 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected and Quantified6 +/- 2 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MilkDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MuscleDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
MuscleDetected and Quantified106-225 nmol/g of tissueNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
PlacentaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Prostate TissueExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Ruminal FluidDetected and Quantified1 +/- 1 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Aidin Foroutan, C...
details
Semimembranosus MuscleDetected and Quantified46 +/- 17 nmol/g of tissueNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Aidin Foroutan, C...
details
TestisDetected and Quantified48 +/- 11 nmol/g of tissueNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Aidin Foroutan, C...
details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
All Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
High dose Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Low dose Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection
details
BloodDetected and Quantified23.6 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy positive
details
BloodDetected and Quantified24 uMNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy negative
details
ColostrumDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Commercial Product/bacterial growth on ground beef
details
MuscleDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Commercial Product/bacterial growth on ground beef
details
HMDB IDHMDB0000168
DrugBank IDDB00174
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB000787
KNApSAcK IDC00001341
Chemspider ID6031
KEGG Compound IDC00152
BioCyc IDASN
BiGG ID34055
Wikipedia LinkAsparagine
METLIN ID14
PubChem Compound6267
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17196
References
Synthesis ReferenceWang, Fangda. Preparation of L-b-asparagine. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2005), 8 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. [PubMed:23438684 ]
  2. A. Foroutan et al. (2019). A. Foroutan et al. The Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk (in preparation). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

Enzymes

General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ASNS
Uniprot ID:
Q1LZA3
Molecular weight:
64220.0
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Aspartic acid + L-Glutamine + Water → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + L-Asparagine + L-Glutamic aciddetails
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Has both L-asparaginase and beta-aspartyl peptidase activity. May be involved in the production of L-aspartate, which can act as an excitatory neurotransmitter in some brain regions. Is highly active with L-Asp beta-methyl ester. Besides, has catalytic activity toward beta-aspartyl dipeptides and their methyl esters, including beta-L-Asp-L-Phe, beta-L-Asp-L-Phe methyl ester (aspartame), beta-L-Asp-L-Ala, beta-L-Asp-L-Leu and beta-L-Asp-L-Lys. Does not have aspartylglucosaminidase activity and is inactive toward GlcNAc-L-Asn. Likewise, has no activity toward glutamine.
Gene Name:
ASRGL1
Uniprot ID:
Q32LE5
Molecular weight:
32050.0
Reactions
L-Asparagine + Water → L-Aspartic acid + Ammoniadetails
General function:
Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
NARS
Uniprot ID:
Q2KJG3
Molecular weight:
64399.0
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Asparagine + tRNA(Asn) → Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + L-Asparaginyl-tRNA(Asn)details
General function:
Involved in dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein g
Specific function:
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.
Gene Name:
DAD1
Uniprot ID:
Q5E9C2
Molecular weight:
12495.0
General function:
Involved in dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein g
Specific function:
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity (By similarity). Required for the assembly of both SST3A- and SS3B-containing OST complexes (By similarity).
Gene Name:
DDOST
Uniprot ID:
A6QPY0
Molecular weight:
48791.0
General function:
Involved in dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein g
Specific function:
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.
Gene Name:
RPN2
Uniprot ID:
Q3SZI6
Molecular weight:
69214.0
General function:
Involved in dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein g
Specific function:
Catalytic subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. This subunit contains the active site and the acceptor peptide and donor lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) binding pockets (By similarity). STT3A is present in the majority of OST complexes and mediates cotranslational N-glycosylation of most sites on target proteins, while STT3B-containing complexes are required for efficient post-translational glycosylation and mediate glycosylation of sites that have been skipped by STT3A (By similarity).
Gene Name:
STT3A
Uniprot ID:
Q2KJI2
Molecular weight:
80656.0
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Functions as a sodium-dependent amino acid transporter which countertransport protons. Mediates the saturable, pH-sensitive, and electrogenic cotransport of several neutral amino acids including glycine, asparagine, alanine, serine, glutamine and histidine with sodium (By similarity).
Gene Name:
SLC38A5
Uniprot ID:
Q5E9S9
Molecular weight:
51958.0