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Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation Date | 2016-09-30 22:27:28 UTC |
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Update Date | 2020-06-04 20:59:36 UTC |
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BMDB ID | BMDB0000254 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Succinic acid |
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Description | Succinic acid, also known as butanedionic acid or succinate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. Succinic acid is a drug which is used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance. Succinic acid exists as a solid, very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral molecule. Succinic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Succinic acid is a potentially toxic compound. |
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Structure | |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1,2-Ethanedicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | Acide butanedioique | ChEBI | Acide succinique | ChEBI | Acidum succinicum | ChEBI | Amber acid | ChEBI | Asuccin | ChEBI | Bernsteinsaeure | ChEBI | Butandisaeure | ChEBI | Butanedionic acid | ChEBI | Dihydrofumaric acid | ChEBI | e363 | ChEBI | Ethylenesuccinic acid | ChEBI | HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH | ChEBI | Spirit OF amber | ChEBI | 1,2-Ethanedicarboxylate | Generator | Butanedionate | Generator | Dihydrofumarate | Generator | Ethylenesuccinate | Generator | Succinate | Generator | 1,2 Ethanedicarboxylic acid | MeSH | 1,4 Butanedioic acid | MeSH | 1,4-Butanedioic acid | MeSH | Ammonium succinate | MeSH | Butanedioic acid | MeSH | Potassium succinate | MeSH | Succinate, ammonium | MeSH | Succinate, potassium | MeSH | 1,4-Butanedioate | HMDB | Katasuccin | HMDB | Wormwood acid | HMDB | 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose | ChEBI, HMDB | D-GlcNAc | ChEBI, HMDB | N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine | ChEBI, HMDB | N-Acetylchitosamine | ChEBI, HMDB | N Acetyl D glucosamine | HMDB | 2 Acetamido 2 deoxy D glucose | HMDB | 2 Acetamido 2 deoxyglucose | HMDB | 2-Acetamido-2-deoxyglucose | HMDB | Acetylglucosamine | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C4H6O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 118.088 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 118.02660868 |
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IUPAC Name | Not Available |
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Traditional Name | Not Available |
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CAS Registry Number | 110-15-6 |
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SMILES | Not Available |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C4H6O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H2,(H,5,6)(H,7,8) |
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InChI Key | KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic acids and derivatives |
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Class | Carboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Sub Class | Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Direct Parent | Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Origin | |
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Biofunction | Not Available |
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Application | Not Available |
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Cellular locations | - Cytoplasm
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondria
- Peroxisome
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 185 - 188 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 83.2 mg/mL | Not Available | LogP | -0.59 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Predicted Properties | Not Available |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | - Cytoplasm
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondria
- Peroxisome
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Biospecimen Locations | - Adipose Tissue
- Blood
- Brain
- Colostrum
- Fibroblasts
- Kidney
- Liver
- Longissimus Thoracis Muscle
- Mammary Gland
- Milk
- Muscle
- Pancreas
- Placenta
- Prostate Tissue
- Ruminal Fluid
- Semen
- Semimembranosus Muscle
- Spleen
- Testis
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Adipose Tissue | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 1717 +/- 365 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Brain | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Colostrum | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Fibroblasts | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Kidney | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Liver | Detected and Quantified | 1194 +/- 584 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Liver | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Liver | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Longissimus Thoracis Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 1133 +/- 308 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Mammary Gland | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Mammary Gland | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 14 +/- 2 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 15 +/- 1 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 23.20 +/- 6.60 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 20 +/- 1 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 14 +/- 1 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 16 - 106 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 19.73 +/- 3.18 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Milk | Detected and Quantified | 23.06 +/- 3.75 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 891-2314 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 110.14 +/- 35.65 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 167.81 +/- 31.14 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 172.53 +/- 22.4 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 74-492 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 453.8 +/- 37.98 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 590 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Pancreas | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Placenta | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Prostate Tissue | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 125.4 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 158.2 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 117.9 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 597 +/- 344 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 40-289 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 112.7 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 23-250 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 147 +/- 35 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 178 +/- 65 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 118 +/- 52 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 124 +/- 21 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 124 +/- 21 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 84.5 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 103.6 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 80.7 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 82 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 112.68 +/- 18.27 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Semen | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Semimembranosus Muscle | Detected and Quantified | 743 +/- 384 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Spleen | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Testis | Detected and Quantified | 340 +/- 76 nmol/g of tissue | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | All Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | High dose Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Low dose Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 912 +/- 96 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Left displaced abomasum (LDA) | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 592 +/- 172 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Right displaced abomasum (RDA) | | details | Ruminal Fluid | Detected and Quantified | 117.87 +/- 50.05 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Rumen acidosis | | details |
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External Links |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000254 |
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DrugBank ID | DB00139 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB001931 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00001205 |
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Chemspider ID | 1078 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C00042 |
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BioCyc ID | SUC |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | Succinic_acid |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 1738118 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 15741 |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Berglund, Kris Arvid; Andersson, Christian; Rova, Ulrika. Process for the production of succinic acid. PCT Int. Appl. (2007), 30pp. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Klein MS, Almstetter MF, Schlamberger G, Nurnberger N, Dettmer K, Oefner PJ, Meyer HH, Wiedemann S, Gronwald W: Nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry-based milk metabolomics in dairy cows during early and late lactation. J Dairy Sci. 2010 Apr;93(4):1539-50. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-2563. [PubMed:20338431 ]
- Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. [PubMed:23438684 ]
- Scano P, Murgia A, Pirisi FM, Caboni P: A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach for the characterization of goat milk compared with cow milk. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Oct;97(10):6057-66. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8247. Epub 2014 Aug 6. [PubMed:25108860 ]
- O'Callaghan TF, Vazquez-Fresno R, Serra-Cayuela A, Dong E, Mandal R, Hennessy D, McAuliffe S, Dillon P, Wishart DS, Stanton C, Ross RP: Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome. Metabolites. 2018 Apr 6;8(2). pii: metabo8020027. doi: 10.3390/metabo8020027. [PubMed:29642378 ]
- Kurt J. Boudonck, Matthew W. Mitchell, Jacob Wulff and John A. Ryals (2009). Kurt J. Boudonck, Matthew W. Mitchell, Jacob Wulff and John A. Ryals. Characterization of the biochemical variability of bovine milk using metabolomics. Metabolomics (2009) 5:375?386. Metabolomics.
- A. Foroutan et al. (2019). A. Foroutan et al. The Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk (in preparation). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
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