Showing metabocard for Acetaldehyde (BMDB0000990)

General function:

Inorganic ion transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Promotes growth of cells.

Gene Name:

CAT

Uniprot ID:

P00432

Molecular weight:

59915.0

Reactions

General function:

Nucleotide transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate. Participates in stress granule (SG) assembly. May allow ATP production from extracellular deoxyinosine in conditions of energy deprivation.

Gene Name:

DERA

Uniprot ID:

Q3T0V9

Molecular weight:

35246.0

Reactions

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma-butyrobetaine with high efficiency (in vitro). Can catalyze the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction, but with low efficiency.

Gene Name:

ALDH9A1

Uniprot ID:

Q2KJH9

Molecular weight:

53977.0

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

Can convert/oxidize retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. Binds free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. May have a broader specificity and oxidize other aldehydes in vivo.

Gene Name:

ALDH1A1

Uniprot ID:

P48644

Molecular weight:

54806.0

General function:

Nucleotide transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as N1-methylnicotinamide, N-methylphthalazinium and phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde, retinal, pyridoxal, and vanillin. Plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs containing aromatic azaheterocyclic substituents. Is probably involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis. May be a prominent source of superoxide generation via the one-electron reduction of molecular oxygen. Also may catalyze nitric oxide (NO) production via the reduction of nitrite to NO with NADH or aldehyde as electron donor. May play a role in adipogenesis.

Gene Name:

AOX1

Uniprot ID:

P48034

Molecular weight:

147611.0

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde (Probable). They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation (Probable). Oxidizes medium and long chain aldehydes into non-toxic fatty acids (By similarity). Preferentially oxidizes aromatic aldehyde substrates (By similarity). Comprises about 50 percent of corneal epithelial soluble proteins (By similarity). May play a role in preventing corneal damage caused by ultraviolet light (By similarity).

Gene Name:

ALDH3A1

Uniprot ID:

P30907

Molecular weight:

26743.0

General function:

Involved in alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosaccharides and bile acids, with a preference for negatively charged substrates, such as glucuronate and succinic semialdehyde (By similarity). Plays an important role in ascorbic acid biosynthesis by catalyzing the reduction of D-glucuronic acid and D-glucurono-gamma-lactone (By similarity). Functions as a detoxifiying enzyme by reducing a range of toxic aldehydes. Reduces methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone, which are present at elevated levels under hyperglycemic conditions and are cytotoxic. Involved also in the detoxification of lipid-derived aldehydes like acrolein (By similarity). Plays a role in the activation of procarcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon trans-dihydrodiols, and in the metabolism of various xenobiotics and drugs (By similarity). Displays no reductase activity towards retinoids (By similarity).

Gene Name:

AKR1A1

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZCJ2

Molecular weight:

36617.0

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

ALDHs play a major role in the detoxification of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde. They are involved in the metabolism of corticosteroids, biogenic amines, neurotransmitters, and lipid peroxidation. In the cornea, this enzyme may help in the absorption of the damaging UV-B, as well as in the detoxification of the UV-induced peroxidic aldehydes.

Gene Name:

ALDH1B1

Uniprot ID:

P52476

Molecular weight:

56770.0

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

Oxidizes medium and long chain saturated and unsaturated aldehydes. Metabolizes also benzaldehyde. Low activity towards acetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. May not metabolize short chain aldehydes. Can use both NADP(+) and NAD(+) as electron acceptor. May have a protective role against the cytotoxicity induced by lipid peroxidation.

Gene Name:

ALDH3B1

Uniprot ID:

Q1JPA0

Molecular weight:

51800.0

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ALDH2

Uniprot ID:

P20000

Molecular weight:

56653.0

General function:

Energy production and conversion

Specific function:

Catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and the oxidation of S-(hydroxymethyl) glutathione. Also oxidizes long chain omega-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 20-HETE, producing both the intermediate aldehyde, 20-oxoarachidonate and the end product, a dicarboxylic acid, (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenedioate. Class-III ADH is remarkably ineffective in oxidizing ethanol.

Gene Name:

ADH5

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZC42

Molecular weight:

39677.0

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

OTUB1

Uniprot ID:

Q3T0Y1

Molecular weight:

31308.0

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

OTUB2

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9Y3

Molecular weight:

27248.0

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ACSS2

Uniprot ID:

A7YWF1

Molecular weight:

78734.0

Reactions