Showing metabocard for LPA(16:0/0:0) (BMDB0007853)

General function:

Involved in alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodies

Specific function:

Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce the signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. Major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine (PubMed:12119361). Also can act on sphingosylphosphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1-phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP. Involved in several motility-related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Acts as an angiogenic factor by stimulating migration of smooth muscle cells and microtubule formation. Stimulates migration of melanoma cells, probably via a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein. May have a role in induction of parturition. Possible involvement in cell proliferation and adipose tissue development. Tumor cell motility-stimulating factor (By similarity). Required for LPA production in activated platelets, cleaves the sn-1 lysophospholipids to generate sn-1 lysophosphatidic acids containing predominantly 18:2 and 20:4 fatty acids (By similarity). Shows a preference for the sn-1 to the sn-2 isomer of 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF) (By similarity).

Gene Name:

ENPP2

Uniprot ID:

A1A4K5

Molecular weight:

101717.0

General function:

Lipid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GNPAT

Uniprot ID:

A4IF87

Molecular weight:

77664.0

Reactions

General function:

Lipid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Esterifies acyl-group from acyl-ACP to the sn-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate, an essential step in glycerolipid biosynthesis.

Gene Name:

GPAM

Uniprot ID:

Q5GJ77

Molecular weight:

93144.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signalin

Specific function:

Receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, differentiation and proliferation, and thereby contributes to the responses to tissue damage and infectious agents. Activates downstream signaling cascades via the G(i)/G(o), G(12)/G(13), and G(q) families of heteromeric G proteins. Signaling inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and decreases cellular cAMP levels. Signaling triggers an increase of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels. Activates RALA; this leads to the activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Signaling mediates activation of down-stream MAP kinases. Contributes to the regulation of cell shape. Promotes Rho-dependent reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in neuronal cells and neurite retraction. Promotes the activation of Rho and the formation of actin stress fibers. Promotes formation of lamellipodia at the leading edge of migrating cells via activation of RAC1. Through its function as lysophosphatidic acid receptor, plays a role in chemotaxis and cell migration, including responses to injury and wounding. Plays a role in triggering inflammation in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via its interaction with CD14. Promotes cell proliferation in response to lysophosphatidic acid. Required for normal skeleton development. May play a role in osteoblast differentiation. Required for normal brain development. Required for normal proliferation, survival and maturation of newly formed neurons in the adult dentate gyrus. Plays a role in pain perception and in the initiation of neuropathic pain.

Gene Name:

LPAR1

Uniprot ID:

Q28031

Molecular weight:

41070.0

General function:

Involved in purinergic nucleotide receptor activity, G-

Specific function:

Receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a mediator of diverse cellular activities.

Gene Name:

LPAR5

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZC80

Molecular weight:

40639.0

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone.

Gene Name:

AGPAT1

Uniprot ID:

Q95JH2

Molecular weight:

32005.0

Reactions

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity). Exhibits high acyl-CoA specificity for polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoA, especially docosahexaenoyl-CoA (22:6-CoA, DHA-CoA) (By similarity).

Gene Name:

AGPAT4

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9R2

Molecular weight:

43907.0

Reactions