Showing metabocard for Palmityl-CoA (BMDB0001338)

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex shows a strong preference for C18-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSB isozyme displays an ability to use a broader range of acyl-CoAs, without apparent preference (By similarity). Required for adipocyte cell viability and metabolic homeostasis (By similarity).

Gene Name:

SPTLC1

Uniprot ID:

Q3MHG1

Molecular weight:

52788.0

Reactions

General function:

Lipid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GNPAT

Uniprot ID:

A4IF87

Molecular weight:

77664.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase activity

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

CPT1B

Uniprot ID:

Q58DK1

Molecular weight:

88512.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase activity

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

CPT2

Uniprot ID:

Q2KJB7

Molecular weight:

74483.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in acyltransferase activity

Specific function:

Endoplasmic reticulum palmitoyl acyltransferase that mediates palmitoylation of proteins such as AMFR, CALX, ITPR1 and TFRC. Palmitoylates calnexin (CALX), which is required for its association with the ribosome-translocon complex and efficient folding of glycosylated proteins. Mediates palmitoylation of AMFR, promoting AMFR distribution to the peripheral endoplasmic reticulum. Together with SELENOK, palmitoylates ITPR1 in immune cells, leading to regulate ITPR1 stability and function.

Gene Name:

ZDHHC6

Uniprot ID:

Q2HJ95

Molecular weight:

47531.0

General function:

Involved in acyltransferase activity

Specific function:

The ZDHHC9-GOLGA7 complex is a palmitoyltransferase specific for HRAS and NRAS.

Gene Name:

ZDHHC9

Uniprot ID:

Q58DA8

Molecular weight:

40826.0

General function:

Involved in zinc ion binding

Specific function:

Palmitoylates sex steroid hormone receptors, including ESR1, PGR and AR, thereby regulating their targeting to the plasma membrane. This affects rapid intracellular signaling by sex hormones via ERK and AKT kinases and the generation of cAMP, but does not affect that mediated by their nuclear receptor (By similarity).

Gene Name:

ZDHHC21

Uniprot ID:

A2VDT6

Molecular weight:

31463.0

General function:

Involved in acyltransferase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes palmitoylation of Cys residues on target proteins. Catalyzes palmitoylation of Cys residues in the cytoplasmic C-terminus of EGFR, and modulates the duration of EGFR signaling by modulating palmitoylation-dependent EGFR internalization and degradation. Has a preference for acyl-CoA with C16 fatty acid chains. Can also utilize acyl-CoA with C14 and C18 fatty acid chains.

Gene Name:

ZDHHC20

Uniprot ID:

Q0VC89

Molecular weight:

41907.0

General function:

Involved in acyltransferase activity

Specific function:

Palmitoyl acyltransferase that mediates palmitoylation of proteins such as PLN and ZDHHC6 (By similarity). Required during embryonic heart development and cardiac function, possibly by mediating palmitoylation of PLN, thereby affecting PLN phosphorylation and homooligomerization (By similarity). Also required for eye development (By similarity). Palmitoylates ZDHHC6, affecting the quaternary assembly of ZDHHC6, its localization, stability and function (By similarity). May play a role in DNA damage response (By similarity). May be involved in apoptosis regulation (By similarity). Involved in the proliferation of neural stem cells by regulating the FGF/ERK pathway (By similarity).

Gene Name:

ZDHHC16

Uniprot ID:

Q58CU4

Molecular weight:

43614.0

General function:

Involved in acyltransferase activity

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ZDHHC4

Uniprot ID:

Q58DT3

Molecular weight:

39710.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GCAT

Uniprot ID:

Q0P5L8

Molecular weight:

45166.0

Reactions

General function:

Lipid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Esterifies acyl-group from acyl-ACP to the sn-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate, an essential step in glycerolipid biosynthesis.

Gene Name:

GPAM

Uniprot ID:

Q5GJ77

Molecular weight:

93144.0

Reactions

General function:

Lipid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the conversion of fatty acids such as long-chain and very long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoAs for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation. Can activate diverse saturated, monosaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Gene Name:

ACSBG1

Uniprot ID:

Q2KHW5

Molecular weight:

80585.0

Reactions

General function:

Involved in palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity

Specific function:

Removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation. Prefers acyl chain lengths of 14 to 18 carbons.

Gene Name:

PPT1

Uniprot ID:

P45478

Molecular weight:

34142.0

Reactions

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis by using diacylglycerol and fatty acyl CoA as substrates. In contrast to DGAT2 it is not essential for survival. May be involved in VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) assembly. Functions as the major acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) in the skin, where it acts to maintain retinoid homeostasis and prevent retinoid toxicity leading to skin and hair disorders. In liver, plays a role in esterifying exogenous fatty acids to glycerol.

Gene Name:

DGAT1

Uniprot ID:

Q8MK44

Molecular weight:

55602.0

Reactions

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone.

Gene Name:

AGPAT1

Uniprot ID:

Q95JH2

Molecular weight:

32005.0

Reactions

General function:

Not Available

Specific function:

Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity). Exhibits high acyl-CoA specificity for polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoA, especially docosahexaenoyl-CoA (22:6-CoA, DHA-CoA) (By similarity).

Gene Name:

AGPAT4

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9R2

Molecular weight:

43907.0

Reactions