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Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:19:06 UTC
Update Date2020-05-21 16:29:08 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000058
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00058
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCyclic AMP
Description3',5'-Cyclic AMP, also known as cyclic AMP or camp, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotides. These are purine nucleotides in which the oxygen atoms linked to the C3 and C5 carbon atoms of the ribose moiety are both bonded the same phosphorus atom of the phosphate group. 3',5'-Cyclic AMP exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and a strong basic compound (based on its pKa) molecule. 3',5'-Cyclic AMP exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In cattle, 3',5'-cyclic AMP is involved in the metabolic pathway called the lysophosphatidic Acid LPA6 signalling pathway.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphateChEBI
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphateChEBI
Adenosine 3',5'-phosphateChEBI
ADENOSINE-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphATEChEBI
CAMPChEBI
Cyclic adenylic acidChEBI
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphoric acidGenerator
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphoric acidGenerator
Adenosine 3',5'-phosphoric acidGenerator
ADENOSINE-3',5'-cyclic-monophosphoric acidGenerator
Cyclic adenylateGenerator
3'5'-Cyclic AMPHMDB
6-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydro-4H-furo[3,2-D][1,3,2]dioxaphosphinine-2,7-diol 2-oxideHMDB
AcrasinHMDB
Adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphateHMDB
Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphateHMDB
Adenosine 3,5'-cyclic monophosphorateHMDB
Adenosine 3,5'-cyclic monophosphoric acidHMDB
Adenosine cyclic monophosphateHMDB
Adenosine cyclic-monophosphateHMDB
Adenosine-cyclic-phosphateHMDB
Adenosine-cyclic-phosphoric-acidHMDB
Cyclic 3',5'-adenylateHMDB
Cyclic 3',5'-adenylic acidHMDB
Cyclic 3',5'-AMPHMDB
Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-phosphateHMDB
3',5'-monoPhosphate, adenosine cyclicHMDB
Cyclic AMP, disodium saltHMDB
Cyclic AMP, monopotassium saltHMDB
Cyclic AMP, sodium saltHMDB
AMP, CyclicHMDB
Adenosine cyclic 3',5' monophosphateHMDB
Adenosine cyclic-3',5'-monophosphateHMDB
Cyclic AMP, (R)-isomerHMDB
Cyclic AMP, monosodium saltHMDB
Adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphateHMDB
monoPhosphate, adenosine cyclicHMDB
Adenosine cyclic 3,5 monophosphateHMDB
Cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate, adenosineHMDB
Cyclic AMP, monoammonium saltHMDB
Cyclic monophosphate, adenosineHMDB
Cyclic-3',5'-monophosphate, adenosineHMDB
Cyclic AMPChEBI
Chemical FormulaC10H12N5O6P
Average Molecular Weight329.2059
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight329.052519653
IUPAC Name(4aR,6R,7R,7aS)-6-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2,7-dihydroxy-hexahydro-2lambda5-furo[3,2-d][1,3,2]dioxaphosphinin-2-one
Traditional Name(4aR,6R,7R,7aS)-6-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2,7-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-4H-2lambda5-furo[3,2-d][1,3,2]dioxaphosphinin-2-one
CAS Registry Number60-92-4
SMILES
[H][C@@]12COP(O)(=O)O[C@@]1([H])[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O2)N1C=NC2=C1N=CN=C2N
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H12N5O6P/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-6(16)7-4(20-10)1-19-22(17,18)21-7/h2-4,6-7,10,16H,1H2,(H,17,18)(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
InChI KeyIVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotides. These are purine nucleotides in which the oxygen atoms linked to the C3 and C5 carbon atoms of the ribose moiety are both bonded the same phosphorus atom of the phosphate group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassPurine nucleotides
Sub ClassCyclic purine nucleotides
Direct Parent3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 3',5'-cyclic purine ribonucleotide
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • 6-aminopurine
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Purine
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Monosaccharide
  • Pyrimidine
  • Imidolactam
  • Imidazole
  • Azole
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Amine
  • Primary amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Golgi
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point219 - 220 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility4 mg/mLNot Available
LogP-2.96HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-2.3ALOGPS
logP-3.4ChemAxon
logS-2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)1.83ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)3.92ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area154.84 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity70.29 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability28.42 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)splash10-00di-9761000000-ed8f1fea0ef2e7b43ff8View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)splash10-03du-2971000000-c0200940e0e88308fbdeView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-9761000000-ed8f1fea0ef2e7b43ff8View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-03du-2971000000-c0200940e0e88308fbdeView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0fbl-3901000000-b95501fad426dc61082fView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-03y0-3922000000-7e84eb99b8248254daa6View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-004i-0009000000-02ee7f342f5c1bada389View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-004i-0009000000-a00a2165c3d37c4e1ef2View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-004i-0109000000-7f48145f84828c2bbd5dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-001i-0119000000-d94a34a13521ae3d4692View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-0udi-0900000000-f10e1d70e30865424af6View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-03dr-0629000000-bf4ec1094b7991c3633cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-03dr-0629000000-9736faaf70ec79d5bd03View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-001i-0109000000-6bf3784f4b710ce04a3eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-03dr-0629000000-3f5ea9ba1508e359ad80View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-03dr-0519000000-059e8569ee179529bf21View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Positivesplash10-001i-0009000000-88dad10a362b1088849eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-004i-0509004000-bb02289fcd39ac1a203cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-0a4i-1900000000-da49323734f24bf724d6View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-a4e60131f41413b6fecfView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-004i-0009000000-98ee4e70689c06adc603View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-056r-0409005001-97fd793d1d14a84c3530View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-0a4i-0900000000-1f2045ac2ff736aa80a2View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-001i-0900000000-8bbb24702fa6ccd76268View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negativesplash10-004i-0009000000-6d23df7535894180e6dfView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positivesplash10-001i-0009000000-c527aad341e122fc9beaView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) 30V, Positivesplash10-001i-0209000000-1bb2d660cc00c85a808fView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-003r-2904000000-865c1b989665f73ac3f4View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-0904000000-f37dad1d4334840eb74eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-8b2624b0c421f5f77e8eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-000i-1900000000-3052962b6de42b1e2f5dView in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H, 1H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Golgi
Biospecimen Locations
  • All Tissues
  • Milk
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
All TissuesExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
MilkDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
    • Kurt J. Boudonck,...
details
PlacentaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000058
DrugBank IDDB02527
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB030763
KNApSAcK IDC00001497
Chemspider ID5851
KEGG Compound IDC00575
BioCyc IDCAMP
BiGG ID1484809
Wikipedia LinkCyclic_AMP
METLIN ID5120
PubChem Compound6076
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17489
References
Synthesis ReferenceGenieser, H. G.; Butt, E.; Bottin, U.; Dostmann, W.; Jastorff, B. Synthesis of the 3',5'-cyclic phosphates from unprotected nucleosides. Synthesis (1989), (1), 53-4.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Kurt J. Boudonck, Matthew W. Mitchell, Jacob Wulff and John A. Ryals (2009). Kurt J. Boudonck, Matthew W. Mitchell, Jacob Wulff and John A. Ryals. Characterization of the biochemical variability of bovine milk using metabolomics. Metabolomics (2009) 5:375?386. Metabolomics.

Enzymes

General function:
Signal transduction mechanisms
Specific function:
Catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP in response to G-protein signaling (PubMed:2472670, PubMed:2022671. PubMed:19029295). Mediates responses to increased cellular Ca(2+)/calmodulin levels (PubMed:2022671, PubMed:19029295). May be involved in regulatory processes in the central nervous system. May play a role in memory and learning. Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of daytime contrast sensitivity probably by modulating the rhythmic synthesis of cyclic AMP in the retina (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ADCY1
Uniprot ID:
P19754
Molecular weight:
123979.0
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate → Cyclic AMP + Pyrophosphatedetails
General function:
Signal transduction mechanisms
Specific function:
Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. Type II regulatory chains mediate membrane association by binding to anchoring proteins, including the MAP2 kinase (By similarity).
Gene Name:
PRKAR2A
Uniprot ID:
P00515
Molecular weight:
45094.0
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Extremely potent competitive inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity, this protein interacts with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme after the cAMP-induced dissociation of its regulatory chains.
Gene Name:
PKIA
Uniprot ID:
Q3SX13
Molecular weight:
8016.0
General function:
Signal transduction mechanisms
Specific function:
Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells.
Gene Name:
PRKAR1A
Uniprot ID:
P00514
Molecular weight:
42893.0
General function:
Signal transduction mechanisms
Specific function:
Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. Type II regulatory chains mediate membrane association by binding to anchoring proteins, including the MAP2 kinase.
Gene Name:
PRKAR2B
Uniprot ID:
P31322
Molecular weight:
46336.0
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates GPKOW which regulates its ability to bind RNA.
Gene Name:
PRKACB
Uniprot ID:
P05131
Molecular weight:
40594.0
Reactions
Cyclic AMP → Cyclic AMP + cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit betadetails
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signalin
Specific function:
Receptor for prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). The activity of this receptor is mainly mediated by G(s) proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase, resulting in an elevation of intracellular cAMP. A mobilization of calcium is also observed, but without formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (By similarity).
Gene Name:
PTGDR
Uniprot ID:
A5D7K8
Molecular weight:
40372.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
Phosphorylation-dependent transcription factor that stimulates transcription upon binding to the DNA cAMP response element (CRE), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Transcription activation is enhanced by the TORC coactivators which act independently of Ser-117 phosphorylation. Involved in different cellular processes including the synchronization of circadian rhythmicity and the differentiation of adipose cells.
Gene Name:
CREB1
Uniprot ID:
P27925
Molecular weight:
34877.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
Transcription factor that may act during endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating unfolded protein response target genes. Activated in response to cAMP stimulation. In vitro, binds the cAMP response element (CRE). Activates transcription through box-B element and CRE. Seems to function synergistically with ATF6. In acute inflammatory response, may activate expression of acute phase response (APR) genes. May be involved in growth suppression (By similarity).
Gene Name:
CREB3L3
Uniprot ID:
Q3SYZ3
Molecular weight:
48689.0
General function:
Involved in sequence-specific DNA binding
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
CREBL1
Uniprot ID:
Q3KUS1
Molecular weight:
6489.0
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor activity
Specific function:
Receptor for bile acid. Bile acid-binding induces its internalization, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and intracellular cAMP production. May be involved in the suppression of macrophage functions by bile acids. Involved in bile acid promoted GLP1R secretion (By similarity).
Gene Name:
GPBAR1
Uniprot ID:
Q862A9
Molecular weight:
35104.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
This protein binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Mediates PKA-induced stimulation of CRE-reporter genes. Represses the expression of FTH1 and other antioxidant detoxification genes. Triggers cell proliferation and transformation (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ATF1
Uniprot ID:
Q08DA8
Molecular weight:
29261.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
Transcriptional regulator that binds the cAMP response element (CRE), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Isoforms are either transcriptional activators or repressors. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are transcriptional activators. Plays a role in spermatogenesis and is involved in spermatid maturation (By similarity).
Gene Name:
CREM
Uniprot ID:
Q1LZH5
Molecular weight:
38694.0
General function:
Signal transduction mechanisms
Specific function:
Odorant signal transduction is probably mediated by a G-protein coupled cascade using cAMP as second messenger. The olfactory channel can be shown to be activated by cyclic nucleotides which leads to a depolarization of olfactory sensory neurons.
Gene Name:
CNGA2
Uniprot ID:
Q03041
Molecular weight:
76014.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
This protein binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Represses transcription from promoters with ATF sites. It may repress transcription by stabilizing the binding of inhibitory cofactors at the promoter (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ATF3
Uniprot ID:
Q2KII1
Molecular weight:
20567.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
Transcriptional activator. Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Cooperates with FOXO1 in osteoblasts to regulate glucose homeostasis through suppression of beta-cell production and decrease in insulin production. Regulates the induction of DDIT3/CHOP and asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In concert with DDIT3/CHOP, activates the transcription of TRIB3 and promotes ER stress-induced neuronal apoptosis by regulating the transcriptional induction of BBC3/PUMA. Activates transcription of SIRT4. Regulates the circadian expression of the core clock component PER2 and the serotonin transporter SLC6A4. Binds in a circadian time-dependent manner to the cAMP response elements (CRE) in the SLC6A4 and PER2 promoters and periodically activates the transcription of these genes. During ER stress response, activates the transcription of NLRP1, possibly in concert with other factors.
Gene Name:
ATF4
Uniprot ID:
Q3ZCH6
Molecular weight:
38245.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-bound sequence-specific transcription factor that directly binds DNA and activates transcription. Plays a role in the unfolded protein response (UPR), promoting cell survival versus ER stress-induced apoptotic cell death. Also involved in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, tumor suppression and inflammatory gene expression. Acts as a positive regulator of LKN-1/CCL15-induced chemotaxis signaling of leukocyte cell migration. Associates with chromatin to the HERPUD1 promoter. Also induces transcriptional activation of chemokine receptors. Functions as a negative transcriptional regulator in ligand-induced transcriptional activation of the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 by recruiting and activating histone deacetylases (HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC6). Also decreases the acetylation level of histone H4. Does not promote the chemotactic activity of leukocyte cells.
Gene Name:
CREB3
Uniprot ID:
Q8SQ19
Molecular weight:
40912.0
General function:
Involved in cAMP binding
Specific function:
Subunit of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels, nonselective cation channels, which play important roles in both visual and olfactory signal transduction. When associated with CNGA1, it is involved in the regulation of ion flow into the rod photoreceptor outer segment (ROS), in response to light-induced alteration of the levels of intracellular cGMP (By similarity).
Gene Name:
CNGB1
Uniprot ID:
Q28181
Molecular weight:
155065.0
General function:
Involved in DNA binding
Specific function:
Binds cAMP regulatory element DNA sequence. May play a role in RNA splicing (By similarity).
Gene Name:
LUC7L3
Uniprot ID:
Q3SX41
Molecular weight:
51496.0
General function:
Involved in hormone-mediated signaling
Specific function:
Involved in the regulation of melanogenesis. The binding of ASP to MC1R precludes alpha-MSH initiated signaling and thus blocks production of cAMP, leading to a down-regulation of eumelanogenesis (brown/black pigment) and thus increasing synthesis of pheomelanin (yellow/red pigment) (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ASIP
Uniprot ID:
Q29414
Molecular weight:
14841.0
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Transcriptional coactivator for CREB1 which activates transcription through both consensus and variant cAMP response element (CRE) sites. Acts as a coactivator, in the SIK/TORC signaling pathway, being active when dephosphorylated and acts independently of CREB1 'Ser-133' phosphorylation. Enhances the interaction of CREB1 with TAF4. Regulates gluconeogenesis as a component of the LKB1/AMPK/TORC2 signaling pathway. Regulates the expression of specific genes such as the steroidogenic gene, StAR. Potent coactivator of PPARGC1A and inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle cells (By similarity).
Gene Name:
CRTC2
Uniprot ID:
Q08E26
Molecular weight:
72818.0
General function:
Involved in protein dimerization activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
CREB1
Uniprot ID:
Q0V7N6
Molecular weight:
35109.0
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates Rap and Ras family of small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP in a cAMP-dependent manner. Serves as a link between cell surface receptors and Rap/Ras GTPases in intracellular signaling cascades. Acts also as an effector for Rap1 by direct association with Rap1-GTP thereby leading to the amplification of Rap1-mediated signaling. Shows weak activity on HRAS. It is controversial whether RAPGEF2 binds cAMP and cGMP or not. Its binding to ligand-activated beta-1 adrenergic receptor ADRB1 leads to the Ras activation through the G(s)-alpha signaling pathway. Involved in the cAMP-induced Ras and Erk1/2 signaling pathway that leads to sustained inhibition of long term melanogenesis by reducing dendrite extension and melanin synthesis. Provides also inhibitory signals for cell proliferation of melanoma cells and promotes their apoptosis in a cAMP-independent nanner. Regulates cAMP-induced neuritogenesis by mediating the Rap1/B-Raf/ERK signaling through a pathway that is independent on both PKA and RAPGEF3/RAPGEF4. Involved in neuron migration and in the formation of the major forebrain fiber connections forming the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure and the hippocampal commissure during brain development. Involved in neuronal growth factor (NGF)-induced sustained activation of Rap1 at late endosomes and in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-induced axon outgrowth of hippocampal neurons. Plays a role in the regulation of embryonic blood vessel formation and in the establishment of basal junction integrity and endothelial barrier function. May be involved in the regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR and cadherin CDH5 expression at allantois endothelial cell-cell junctions (By similarity). Binds to cAMP.
Gene Name:
RAPGEF2
Uniprot ID:
F1MSG6
Molecular weight:
165144.0
Reactions
Cyclic AMP + Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 + Guanosine triphosphate + Ras-related protein Rap-1A → Guanosine diphosphate + Ras-related protein Rap-1Adetails
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ADCY10
Uniprot ID:
E1B9W6
Molecular weight:
49305.0
Reactions
Adenosine triphosphate → Pyrophosphate + Cyclic AMPdetails
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. Has a higher affinity for cGMP than for cAMP (By similarity).
Gene Name:
PDE1A
Uniprot ID:
P14100
Molecular weight:
60843.0
Reactions
Cyclic AMP + Water → Adenosine monophosphatedetails