Showing metabocard for Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (BMDB0001491)

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the synthesis of D-serine from L-serine. D-serine is a key coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors. Has dehydratase activity towards both L-serine and D-serine (By similarity).

Gene Name:

SRR

Uniprot ID:

A0JNI4

Molecular weight:

36181.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the cleavage of serine to glycine accompanied with the production of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, an essential intermediate for purine biosynthesis. Serine provides the major source of folate one-carbon in cells by catalyzing the transfer of one carbon from serine to tetrahydrofolate. Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway via its role in glycine and tetrahydrofolate metabolism: thymidylate biosynthesis is required to prevent uracil accumulation in mtDNA. Also required for mitochondrial translation by producing 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate; 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate providing methyl donors to produce the taurinomethyluridine base at the wobble position of some mitochondrial tRNAs. Associates with mitochondrial DNA. In addition to its role in mitochondria, also plays a role in the deubiquitination of target proteins as component of the BRISC complex: required for IFNAR1 deubiquitination by the BRISC complex.

Gene Name:

SHMT2

Uniprot ID:

Q3SZ20

Molecular weight:

55605.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex shows a strong preference for C18-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSB isozyme displays an ability to use a broader range of acyl-CoAs, without apparent preference (By similarity). Required for adipocyte cell viability and metabolic homeostasis (By similarity).

Gene Name:

SPTLC1

Uniprot ID:

Q3MHG1

Molecular weight:

52788.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Interconversion of serine and glycine.

Gene Name:

SHMT1

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9P9

Molecular weight:

52978.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

SDS

Uniprot ID:

Q0VCW4

Molecular weight:

34441.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties.

Gene Name:

PYGM

Uniprot ID:

B0JYK6

Molecular weight:

97288.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the oxidation of either pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP) or pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP) into pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP).

Gene Name:

PNPO

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9K3

Molecular weight:

30366.0

Reactions

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

CCBL1

Uniprot ID:

A0JN49

Molecular weight:

48029.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Protein serine phosphatase that dephosphorylates 'Ser-3' in cofilin and probably also dephosphorylates phospho-serine residues in DSTN. Regulates cofilin-dependent actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Required for normal progress through mitosis and normal cytokinesis. Does not dephosphorylate phospho-threonines in LIMK1. Does not dephosphorylate peptides containing phospho-tyrosine (PubMed:15580268). Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) phosphatase, which also catalyzes the dephosphorylation of pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP), with order of substrate preference PLP > PNP > PMP (By similarity).

Gene Name:

PDXP

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZBF9

Molecular weight:

31749.0

Reactions

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

Not Available

Uniprot ID:

Q862R2

Molecular weight:

18638.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

Not Available

Uniprot ID:

Q862Q8

Molecular weight:

14276.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

CCBL1

Uniprot ID:

A5D991

Molecular weight:

45397.0

General function:

Involved in carboxy-lyase activity

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GAD2

Uniprot ID:

B6A7R2

Molecular weight:

3688.0

General function:

Involved in molybdenum ion binding

Specific function:

Catalyzes the reduction of N-oxygenated molecules, acting as a counterpart of cytochrome P450 and flavin-containing monooxygenases in metabolic cycles. As a component of prodrug-converting system, reduces a multitude of N-hydroxylated prodrugs particularly amidoximes, leading to increased drug bioavailability. May be involved in mitochondrial N(omega)-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA) reduction, regulating endogenous nitric oxide levels and biosynthesis. Postulated to cleave the N-OH bond of N-hydroxylated substrates in concert with electron transfer from NADH to cytochrome b5 reductase then to cytochrome b5, the ultimate electron donor that primes the active site for substrate reduction.

Gene Name:

MTARC2

Uniprot ID:

Q1LZH1

Molecular weight:

37288.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ABAT

Uniprot ID:

A2VDK2

Molecular weight:

56476.0

General function:

Involved in magnesium ion binding

Specific function:

Phosphatase that has high activity toward pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). Also active at much lower level toward pyrophosphate, phosphoethanolamine (PEA), phosphocholine (PCho), phospho-l-tyrosine, fructose-6-phosphate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate, and h-glycerophosphate (By similarity).

Gene Name:

PHOSPHO2

Uniprot ID:

Q2KI06

Molecular weight:

27751.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GPT

Uniprot ID:

Q7YRA0

Molecular weight:

34736.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ACS

Uniprot ID:

Q0V8M2

Molecular weight:

62580.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

BCAT1

Uniprot ID:

A4IFQ7

Molecular weight:

43185.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. May also function as a transporter of branched chain alpha-keto acids (By similarity).

Gene Name:

BCAT2

Uniprot ID:

Q5EA40

Molecular weight:

44648.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

BCAT2

Uniprot ID:

Q0V8J6

Molecular weight:

44274.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

BCAT2

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9U7

Molecular weight:

40447.0

General function:

Transcription

Specific function:

Transaminase with broad substrate specificity. Has transaminase activity towards aminoadipate, kynurenine, methionine and glutamate. Shows activity also towards tryptophan, aspartate and hydroxykynurenine. Accepts a variety of oxo-acids as amino-group acceptors, with a preference for 2-oxoglutarate, 2-oxocaproic acid, phenylpyruvate and alpha-oxo-gamma-methiol butyric acid. Can also use glyoxylate as amino-group acceptor (in vitro) (By similarity).

Gene Name:

AADAT

Uniprot ID:

Q5E9N4

Molecular weight:

47901.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GCAT

Uniprot ID:

Q0P5L8

Molecular weight:

45166.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the decomposition of L-selenocysteine to L-alanine and elemental selenium.

Gene Name:

SCLY

Uniprot ID:

A2VDS1

Molecular weight:

47204.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the biosynthesis of histamine from histidine.

Gene Name:

HDC

Uniprot ID:

Q5EA83

Molecular weight:

73912.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S via the action of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). Hydrogen sulfide is an important synaptic modulator and neuroprotectant in the brain (By similarity).

Gene Name:

GOT1

Uniprot ID:

P33097

Molecular weight:

46399.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). Plays a key role in amino acid metabolism. Important for metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol. Facilitates cellular uptake of long-chain free fatty acids (By similarity).

Gene Name:

GOT2

Uniprot ID:

P12344

Molecular weight:

47514.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

GOT1L1

Uniprot ID:

Q2T9S8

Molecular weight:

45918.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine (By similarity).

Gene Name:

ABAT

Uniprot ID:

Q9BGI0

Molecular weight:

56731.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ALAS1

Uniprot ID:

A6QLI6

Molecular weight:

71062.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ALAS2

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZC31

Molecular weight:

65137.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Can metabolize asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) via transamination to alpha-keto-delta-(NN-dimethylguanidino) valeric acid (DMGV). ADMA is a potent inhibitor of nitric-oxide (NO) synthase, and this activity provides mechanism through which the kidney regulates blood pressure (By similarity).

Gene Name:

AGXT2

Uniprot ID:

Q17QF0

Molecular weight:

57226.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the last step in the trans-sulfuration pathway from methionine to cysteine. Has broad substrate specificity. Converts cystathionine to cysteine, ammonia and 2-oxobutanoate. Converts two cysteine molecules to lanthionine and hydrogen sulfide. Can also accept homocysteine as substrate. Specificity depends on the levels of the endogenous substrates. Generates the endogenous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and so contributes to the regulation of blood pressure. Acts as a cysteine-protein sulfhydrase by mediating sulfhydration of target proteins: sulfhydration consists of converting -SH groups into -SSH on specific cysteine residues of target proteins such as GAPDH, PTPN1 and NF-kappa-B subunit RELA, thereby regulating their function (By similarity).

Gene Name:

CTH

Uniprot ID:

Q58DW2

Molecular weight:

44406.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

PSAT1

Uniprot ID:

A6QR28

Molecular weight:

40529.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity).

Gene Name:

GPT

Uniprot ID:

A4IFH5

Molecular weight:

55275.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Transaminase involved in tyrosine breakdown. Converts tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. Can catalyze the reverse reaction, using glutamic acid, with 2-oxoglutarate as cosubstrate (in vitro). Has much lower affinity and transaminase activity for phenylalanine (By similarity).

Gene Name:

TAT

Uniprot ID:

Q58CZ9

Molecular weight:

49691.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA). May catalyze the beta-elimination of S-conjugates and Se-conjugates of L-(seleno)cysteine, resulting in the cleavage of the C-S or C-Se bond (By similarity). Has transaminase activity towards L-kynurenine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, serine, cysteine, methionine, histidine, glutamine and asparagine with glyoxylate as an amino group acceptor (in vitro). Has lower activity with 2-oxoglutarate as amino group acceptor (in vitro) (By similarity).

Gene Name:

KYAT3

Uniprot ID:

Q0P5G4

Molecular weight:

51472.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the production of GABA.

Gene Name:

GAD1

Uniprot ID:

Q0VCA1

Molecular weight:

66784.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of polyamine biosynthesis that converts ornithine into putrescine, which is the precursor for the polyamines, spermidine and spermine. Polyamines are essential for cell proliferation and are implicated in cellular processes, ranging from DNA replication to apoptosis.

Gene Name:

ODC1

Uniprot ID:

P27117

Molecular weight:

51346.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

ADC

Uniprot ID:

Q2TBX3

Molecular weight:

54147.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) to dopamine, L-5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin and L-tryptophan to tryptamine.

Gene Name:

DDC

Uniprot ID:

P27718

Molecular weight:

54294.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Glycogen phosphorylase that regulates glycogen mobilization. Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties.

Gene Name:

PYGB

Uniprot ID:

Q3B7M9

Molecular weight:

96340.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties (By similarity).

Gene Name:

PYGL

Uniprot ID:

Q0VCM4

Molecular weight:

97456.0

General function:

Carbohydrate transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties.

Gene Name:

PYGM

Uniprot ID:

P79334

Molecular weight:

97293.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

OAT

Uniprot ID:

Q3ZCF5

Molecular weight:

48075.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Transaminase involved in tyrosine breakdown. Converts tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.

Gene Name:

TAT

Uniprot ID:

A6H7B2

Molecular weight:

45636.0

General function:

Coenzyme transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

SPTLC2

Uniprot ID:

A5PKM3

Molecular weight:

62888.0

General function:

Involved in lyase activity

Specific function:

Sulfurates the molybdenum cofactor. Sulfation of molybdenum is essential for xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and aldehyde oxidase (ADO) enzymes in which molybdenum cofactor is liganded by 1 oxygen and 1 sulfur atom in active form.

Gene Name:

MOCOS

Uniprot ID:

Q9N0E7

Molecular weight:

97205.0

General function:

Amino acid transport and metabolism

Specific function:

Not Available

Gene Name:

PDXDC1

Uniprot ID:

A7MBC2

Molecular weight:

86615.0